What agreement established that the US would maintain a fixed price of gold relative to the dollar?

The agreement that established the US would maintain a fixed price of gold relative to the dollar is the Bretton Woods Agreement. This 1944 accord created a new international monetary system in the aftermath of World War II, where major currencies were pegged to the US dollar, which itself was convertible to gold at a fixed rate of $35 per ounce. This system aimed to provide stability in international exchange rates and prevent the competitive devaluations that had contributed to the economic instability of the interwar period.

The choices relating to the Washington Accord and the Montreal Protocol pertain to entirely different issues, such as economic cooperation among nations and environmental concerns, respectively. The Gold Standard Act did establish a gold standard in the US, but it was the Bretton Woods Agreement that formalized the fixed exchange rate system involving the dollar and gold at the global level post-World War II. Thus, the correct identification of the Bretton Woods Agreement as the source of this fixed gold price underscores its significance in shaping modern international finance and currency stability.